Safety valve



w. JENSEN SAFETY VALVE March 16, 1954 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Aug. 3,1950 IG /v QQVMONO (a Javsm INVENTOR.

QTTUQNEV termined schedule.

Patented Mar. 16, 1954 SAFETY VALVE Raymond W. Jensen, Los Angeles,Calif.,' assignor to The Garrett Corporation, Los Angeles, Calif.,

a corporation of California Application August 3, 1950, Serial No.177,416

25 Claims.

This invention relates generally to pressure control mechanisms, andrelates more particularly to mechanisms for controlling the pressurewithin an enclosure.

While the invention has particular utility in connection withpressurized ventilation of aircraft cabins and the like, and is shownand dc scribed herein as embodied in such a conditioning system, it isto be understood that its utility is not limited thereto.

In the pressurization of aircraft cabins for flight at altitudes abovesea level it is customary to provide a blower or supercharger wherebyair for ventilation purposes is, taken from the ambient atmosphere, iscompressed by the supercharger, and is then delivered to the cabin. Inorder to regulate the pressure of such ventilation air within the cabin,it is customary to provide an outflow valve or cabin pressure regulatorwhich will maintain cabin pressure on a prede- In addition to theregulator it is customary to install other valves which will provideescape of cabin air to atmosphere or en-,

pressures approaches thesafe structural limit of the cabin, in orderthat this safe differential will not be exceeded. Furthermore, a surgemay occur in cabin pressure which the regulator is incapable ofimmediate relief even though oper-- ating satisfactorily otherwise.

In such a case,-

it is desirable for the auxiliary pressure relief valve to vent thecabin pressure surge mosphere. I 5

In another condition, if atmospheric pressure air to atexceeds cabinpressure at any time, it is generally a be encountered if the aircraftwere to go into a steep dive and the regulator were incapable ofreversed air flow.

In still another condition, itis frequently desirable that egualizationbetween cabin and atmospheric pressures be accomplished quickly. Such acondition might occur in a pressurized military aircraft entering a zoneof combat, or

2 when an aircraft of any type having its cabin pressurized is preparingto land.

The valve of the present invention accome plishes the three relieffunctions described above in a novel manner, and it is, therefore, anobject of the present invention to provide a valve which combines in onestructure the function of positive pressure relief, negative pressurerelief, and manually selective dump.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a valvemechanism of this character which is pneumatic in character.

A further object is to provide a valve of this type which is operableautomatically in its pressure relief functions.

It is a still further object of the invention to provide a valve of thistype which may be mounted on the inside of the pressurized enclosure.

Another object of the invention is to provide such a valve as a unitary,compact item, simple in operation and maintenance, and capable of beingproduced at relatively low cost.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a device of thischaracter, wherein the response. is very rapid, and which has improvedoperating characteristics.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be brought out in thefollowing part of the specification.

Referring to the drawings, which are for illustrative purposes only,

bodying the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view taken on line 22 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2 showingthe valve closed;

Fig; 4 is a View similar to Fig. 3, showing the valve open for negativepressure relief;

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Figs. 3 and 4 showing the valve open forpositive pressure relief Fig. 6 isa perspective view of a reed valveused in the present device and s Fig. '7 shows analternative arrangementof a pressure control relief mechanism embodying the presentarrangement.

Referring to Fig. 1, there is shown an enclosure l0,'such as an aircraftcabin, defined by walls I I,

fromsaid enclosure being controlled by a sure regulator l3.

A relief valve, indicated generally at I4, which embodies the presentinvention, is shown as mounted inside the enclosure for controlling aport in one of the walls H of said enclosure.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the relief valve mechanism I 4 comprisesa base or body assembly, indicated generally at l6, which has a base I!provided with a radially extending annular flange l8 for attachmenttowthecabin-wall by-screws l3 or by any other suitable means, glincludedin the base I! is an annular member having an interior recess, thebottom 2| of which provides a valve seat about an outlet opening 22 inthe base. The base assembly also includes an out wardly extending flange23 spaced axially irorn the base I1 and connected theretobyannularlyspaced struts 24, between which are openings 25 in the base assembly forthe passage of air therethrough which may then communicate-withtheoutlet opening 22 in the base assembly when the valve is open, as willbe more particularly described hereinafter. M p My --Withinthe baseassembly 16 is acoaxial peel} estal 30, of generally frusto-conicalshape; rom thesmaller end of which axially extends v a threadedprojection 3| "received inan ;oper1ing providedtherefo'r; in a boss a;arranged axiallyor; the base assembly and supported"by radiallyextending; annularlyspace-d webs 33 shown as. being formed integrallywith the base l1; A- nut 34 on the projection 3| secures the pedestal tosaid boss I k A I "The'pedestal; is provided with an axialbore 36 whichextends-from a-rnember 31 projecting axially from the larger endthereof,' and. within said bore is secured a tubular insert 38, closedat its er q Attached to the larger end of, the; pedestal jy is a baflle,indicated generally at lll said baille having a peripheral portion 4|substantially parallelwith: the base from the outer edge of which a agenerally cylindrical flange jlgextends toward said base, said flangebeing provided with a plurality of annularly; spaced openings 43 Thecentral; portion; 44 of the baille, istgenerally frusto-conical inshape, curving inwardly toward the base and'provided with a fla;nge;45,exj;ending inwardly and surrounding; an axial opening inwhichis'received the tubular extension, said baffle being secured to-thelarger end of the per- 15 estal b y screws 46 received in openings dedtherefor in-thefiange and threaded ope ngs in the pedestal. d cent the,hah' 4. plurality of a nnularly spaced openings 48 in the frusto-conicalportion ofthe,ba1lle. "my

Th e of the in r .3?.. hith1ht i 9th 21 twardly relative to the tubularmember 37, is pro; id with an ext r fla geltwhich sehr sa One-Side l i mhstprs curins a c t al area ofadiaphragm 50 whic mayalso betertnedportion with the flange 55 at one end and a frusto-conical end portion6| at the opposite end having a sharpened valve edge 62 adapted toengage the valve seat 2!.

The valve cover 58 comprises a cylindrical portion 63 which has theflange 56 at one end with aplurality of annularly spaced openings 64therein flhe other end of the cylindrical portion 53 is closed by an endwall or bottom 65 having the general configuration of the bafile 40between the periphery and a central portion 66 which is curved outwardlyrelative to the interior of the cover 58. The central- -portion, 66 hasan axial opening station of the threaded end 6! of a'i shgtt 6 in sslidable in the insert 38. A nu 69 secures t e shaft and cover together.The cover'ls'obsuflicient size so as to have its bottom andcylindricalportion 63 spaced from the adjacent portions of the baffle 40 to therebyprovide h chambe .Jhthwheiweeai.

. 'sas p h dia h 0 fle i e m ted enera ly at"; which i an u r in shape,and includes an internal portion 1.2 clamped between a peripheralareaofthe valve 2% 5? a d. ash: lit pa being secured togetherby rivets '14 orany ot her suitable means. A nerinhhr l ar a 15 0 hefl abh is amper beween. thefl i le 23, i h s assembly and an outwardly extending flange 76of a upz han q i -5 51 .inh ha eclv en ra l a Tl, the P rt e n se u e she'rhy st aw T e ..1b w th r lva seh b d t b s assemblyi's spannedby aconvoluted portion 80 1 of thed hri l a' mi l saiddi h rhg n 11. valvecover58, and head ll defining a pressure chamber 8,1,

- hechainber aconnection with a source of higher pressure, suchas thecabin, said connection comprising a calibrated restricted orifice 50 ismarginallyelamped between putwardly ex tendingfianges 55- and 56; of amovable outiiow 1" e e a "a Eh; nds id van/e valve memben indicate Uvalve cover;indicatedgenerallyatjt Mr" F member and valve covercomprising the outflow valveassemblym'------ The valve member 61comprises a damaged 82 to}; bleeding air into said, chamber 81. Thechamber, also ha sa pair olf connections with a region otlower pressure,such as true static or atmospheric pressure, one .0? said connectionsin- ,cluding a conduit 83. One end of the conduit 83 is externallythreaded at qqand is screwedinto .a

z i-i fh check valv a s mbl i d ed enerall'yat gfi The boss 851s welded,or otherwise suitably secured in a v alvebody 81. which in turn iswelded or otherwise suitably secured in an opening provided therefor inthe head 'l'i. The valve body 81 is provided with an internal recess88;;closed at its outerside by uss and provided with a cover 911 ati tsinner side, secured to the body'by screws 9l o'r. the like. The coverhas anopening pg therein for the passage of air from the charglber; 1atmosphere by way of the conduit 63, the open ng. 92 being controlledbyaclieck valve indicated generally at 33', and best shown in Fig. 6. xI I V The-check valve'93 comprises-a plate 9:; having a hairpin-likeslot 95 out therein to provide a flexible tongtees comprising a movablevalve member, The plate has pluralityof openings 91 r61 sta ge screwslli se that said rampar s clamped tween the cover 96 and the valve body31; When thus clamped in position, the free IQd QB or the tongue 96controls the opening 32 and urged in the closing direction bya lightspring 99 having its ends held in pgsition by a spijngi'etainerlllfl atthe end tainer; m1 adjacent the outer 86, .-Th spring retainer n@d'ustment screw N32 ust'ed positions by a nut The other connectionbetween the chamber 8I and atmosphere includesa conduit I05 having athreaded end I06 screwed into a boss Il-of a valve body I08 formingpart-of a check valve, indicated generally at I09. The body I08 has aninternal recess IIO therein, anda cover III secured to the body I08 byscrews II2, said valve body I03 being suitably secured to the head H bywelding or any other suitable means.

Clamped between the cover III and 'the valve body I08 is a check valve,indicated generally at I I4. This'check valve is constructed similarlyto the valve shown in Fig. 6 but does not include' the spring retainerI00. The free end 9800 of the tongue 96a controls a passage II 5,ir'1the cover.

Interposed in the conduit I is a'manually operated valve, indicatedgenerally at Ill and including a movable valve part H8, operable by ahandle H9.

The outflow valve assembly is urged in the closing direction by a lightspring I having one end received in a groove formed at the junction ofthe part 66 of the valve cover 58 and the part 65 of said valve cover atthe closed end wall of The opposite end portion of the,

to both cabin pressure and atmospheric pressure. Under normal conditionschamber 8! is at cabin pressure due'to the bleed of cabin air thereintothrough the restricted bleed 82, and this pressure is effective on oneside of the diaphragm II and valve cover 58 urging the valve member 51in the closing direction, said valve member at the same time being urgedin the opening direc- 3, due to the communication of cabin pressure tosaid chamber 10 through the openings 64 in the cylindrical portion 63 ofsaid cover 58.

It will also be noted "that the outer side I25 of the frusto-conicalpartSI of the-valve mem her 5! is also exposedto cabin pressure urging thevalve assembly in the valve opening direction,

and there is an area I2'I of the cover-58 against which cabin pressureis exerted urging the valve assembly in the valve closing direction. Therespective areas on opposite sides of the diaphragm II and cover 58 andthe areas I20 and I21 of the valve assembly subjected to cabin pressureurge ing the valve assembly in opposite directions, I

are substantially equal, so that'said-valve assembly is substantiallybalanced with respect to cabin pressure under the conditions'abovedescribed.

As cabin pressure is higher than atmospheric 7 pressure under normalconditions, the diaphragm 50 is pressed against the adjacentside of thebaflle 40, as shown in Fig. 3. The baiile may be termed a wall and thediaphragm 50 may be considered a movable barrier which moves ,fromcne,position to another. position, hereinafter described, in accordance withcertain pressure con-,

ditions on opposite sidesthereof.

Portions of the diaphragm 50 are exposed to atmospheric pressure throughthe openings 43 as atmospheric pressure is present in the pocket definedby the valve member 51 and diaphragm 50, which pocket is incommunication with atmosphere through the outlet opening 22. Alsoexposed to atmospheric pressure is the outer side of the convoluted partI28 of the diaphragm 50, said convoluted part spanning the space betweenthe valve member 51 and the adjacent part of the bafile 40.

The pressure of the atmospheric air or fluid against the outer side ofthe convolution I28 exerts a force transferred by the outer portion ofthe convolution to the valve assembly or pressure responsive meanstending to move the same in a direction to open the valve. Thefrustoconical portion BI of the valve member 51, being of smallerdiameter at its end nearest the valve seat 2|, provides an area orshoulder on the inner side thereof, against which atmospheric pressurein the pocket is exerted in a direction tending to close the valve, andas theseareas which are exposed to atmospheric pressure aresubstantially equal, the valve assembly or pressure responsive means isbalanced with respect to atmospheric pressure so that the valve will notbe moved thereby toward open or closed position.

Positive pressure relief Normally the dump valve II! is closed, andunder such conditions the mechanism operates to provide positivepressure relief whenever atmospheric pressure on the left side, as shownin Fig. 3, of the valve 86, decreases so that the differential betweenatmospheric pressure and the chamber 0i causes said valve to open andvent chamber BI to atmosphere. The valve 86 is so calibrated as to thusopen when there is a predetermined differential between the pressure inthe chamber BI and atmosphere.

As an example, a valve of this type will be assumed to be installed inan aircraft Whose pressure regulator is set for differential operationat 2.75 p. s. i. It is further assumed that the aircraft cabin will beunpressurized up to an altitude of 10,000 feet where the ambientatmospheric pressure is about 10.1 p. s. i. From these assumptions it isseen that the pressure regulator will enter into differential operationat 7.35 p. s. i. ambient atmospheric pressure which is at an altitude ofapproximately 18,000 feet. A further assumption is made that the pilotvalve is calibrated to open at 3.0 p. s. i. differential. Supposethatthe aircraft has flown to an altitude of 30,000 feet (ambient pressure4.36 p. s. i.) in which casethe regulator has established a virtualcabin altitude of about 18,800 feet, and at that time a malfunction ofthe regulator occurs so as to shut off the outflow of ventilation air.Cabin pressure will then rise until the differential between cabin andatmosphere becomes 3 p. s. i. (a virtual cabin altitude of approximately18,000 feet) at which point the relief valve will take over control ofcabin pressure. 1

Up to the point of regulator malfunction, i. e., normal flight schedulewhen the differential between cabin and atmospheric pressures is notgreater than that for which the ,valve is calibrated to open, thepressure in the chamber 81 is equal to cabin pressure by virtue of vtheconstant communication therebetween through the restricted orifice 82.pressures in the chamber BI and atmosphere exceeds the'forceequivalentto 3.0 p. s. i. for which When the differential between the ,7the pilot valve 86 calibrated. the valve member 98' is unseated.allowing chamber air to escape'ito atmosphere at a greater rate than aircan enter the chamber from the cabin through the restricted orifice 82.As a result, the pressure in the chamber 81 drops until cabin pressurein the chamber F0, exerted against the diaphragm H and bottom wall ofthe, cover 58, is suffic'ient to overcome the combined force of spring'26 and the effective pressure in the chamber 81 against said diaphragm7i and bottom wall of the cover 53. The result is a leftward movement ofthe outflow valve assembly, as viewed in Figs. 3 and 5, thereby movingthe valve member 51 from its seat 2i and venting the cabin toatmosphere, the parts then being as shown in Fig. 5. It will be noted inthis connection that the cabin pressure prevailing in the chamber 'li1maintains the diaphragm 56 in contact with the adjacent side of thebaffle 40. a I

When the differential between cabin pressure and atmosphere dropsbelow3.0 p. s. i., the pilot valve 85 closes, thereby preventing furtherescape of air from the chamber 8| to atmosphere so that the pressure insaid chamber 81 is built up until it reaches cabin pressure, due to thebleeding of cabin air into said chamber through the bleed 32. Chamberair pressure and cabin pressure being equalized, the spring I moves theoutflow valve assembly rightwardly until the knife edge 62 of the valvemember 51 engages the seat 2| and stops the escape of air from the cabinto atmosphere through the relief valve.

Negative pressure relief through the openings 43 and the space between Uthe bafiie and diaphragm 5D, is applied effectively over substantiallythe whole area of the diaphragm This pressure is then ap- 8, name valveoperation Pneumatic operation of the present valve in its" dump"function is erected by manual control applied tothe p mp valve H1. Innormal flight, as has been pointed out hereinabove, valve H1 is closed.I Whenthe pilot wishes to equalize cabin and amb ent atmosphericpressures, he merely opens the valve H1, which is locatedcor:ivenier'itlj1- near him; This results in a rapid equalization of thepressure in chamber 8| with that o: the ambient atmosphere. As ambientatmospheric pressure ziow prevails" in the chamber 8|, the operation ofthe mechanism is substanmany the same as that described in connectionwith the positive pressure relief.

It will be apparent that the dumping function may also beefiectedmechanically by the application of a mechanical force to theoutflow plied to the cover 58 so as to effect leftward of the springI20, said. spring however, being.

relatively light.

When the difi'e'rential of pressqrebetween that in the cabin andatmosphere is such that cabin pressure is substantially the same asatmospheric pressure, the pressure in the chamber 8|, which issubstantially the same as cabin pressure, acting on the diaphragm H andcover 58, will effect closing of the valve. Also, when cabin pressureexceeds atmospheric I, pressure, the diaphragm so wil be moved back 111its'ori'gin'al" position on the baflie, as in Fig.3, 'due'to theentrance of cabin 'airprfessure through the openings 6% in the "cover.

valve assembly,- and this. force" may be applied by any suitable meanssuch as a positioning jack manually, or by electrically operated ap r fiReferring to Fig. '7, which is an alternative arrangement, the diaphragm50 is centrally con nected to amovable tubular member I36, slidable inthe bore 36' of the pedestal 30. A central area of the diaphragm isclamped between an external flange 13! of the member I30 and a iing luwhich is Secured by' rivets I33. Shaft 68 is slidably received withinthe tubular member 130, and it will be apparent that when the diaphragm5|] engages the bottom wall of the cover 58, the tubularinmber [30 alsomoves to the left, as Shawn in Fig. '7, and the end adjacent the bottomwan of the cover 58 engages said wall so that the atmospheric pressureexerted on the diaphragm 50 is efiective over substantially the entirearea of said diaphragm for effecting opening movement. of the outflowvalve.-

The present arrangement is such .that there is an extremely quickresponse to pressure variations of the character which will effectoperation of the mechanism.

1. A relief valve for mounting internally of a pressurized enclosure andin communication with an opening in a wall thereof, comprising: a valvebody having a valve seat about said opening; a control chamber having arestricted inlet communicating with said enclosure and a pair of outletscommunicating with ambient atmosphere; a calibrated valve controllingone of said outlets, said valve being subjected on one side to saidambient atmosphere and on the other side to the prssurei-n said chamberand openable when ambient pressure drops to a predetermineddifi'erential valu'e'with respect to pressure in said chamber; amanualvalve controlling the other outlet; a check valve for said other outlet;movable pressure sensitive means including a valve assembly comprising ashallow cup sh-aped never having-- an {end wall and an axialflangehavinga plurality of amiularly 's'paced openings therein, and a cylindricalvalve said. flexible I inm erand. pi'q's'sure sensitive an b' hiz Sjected "on t e side t t Pres sureihthec ritrolchairrbehth other side orsaid .fleiiible member an end wall 0 the valve cover being subjectedtb-earosure pressure when said pressure is higher than that or saidregion, said enclosure pressure being transmitted through the openingsin the flange of said cover; a fixed baflie within the space defined bythe cover and valve member, said baiiie having an axial flange providedwith a plurality of spaced openings therein; and a flexible memberconnected centrally to said baiile and peripherally to said valveelement, one side of said flexible member being subjected to thepressure in said enclosure when said pressure is higher than atmosphericpressure and the other side being subjected to atmospheric pressurethrough the openings in said baflie flange, said flexible member havingan intermediate portion movable from 'a position engaging the battle andbaflie flange to a position whereat it engages the wall of said coverwhen atmospheric pressure is higher than the pressure in the enclosure,the last mentioned flexible means and valve member having opposedsurfaces of substantially equal areas exposed to atmospheric pressure sothat the force thereof exerted against said surfaces producessubstantially no effective influence in a direction tending to open orclose the valve.

2. In flow control mechanism: a valve body having a valve opening with aseat about said opening; a control chamber having a calibratedrestricted inlet for communication with a source of higher pressure anda pair of outlets adapted to communicate with a region of lower variablepressure; a calibrated valve controlling one of said outlets, saidvalvebeing subjected on one side to the pressure of said region and onthe other side to the pressure in said chamber and openable when thepressure of said region drops to a predetermined differential value withrespect to the pressure of said chamber; a manual valve controlling theother outlet; a check valve for said other outlet; movable pressuresensitive means including a valve assembly comprising a shallowcup-shaped cover having an end wall and an axial flange having aplurality of annularly spaced openings therein, and a cylindrical valvemember connected to the flange of i said cover and extending toward thevalve seat, the free end of said valve member being engageable with saidseat; a flexible member connecting the movable pressure sensitive meanswith the valve body, said flexible member and pressure sensitive meansbeing subjected on one side to the pressure in the control chamber, theother side of said flexible member and end wall of the cover beingadapted to be subjected to a pressure to be controlled when saidpressure is higher than that of said region, the pressure to becontrolled being transmitted through the openings in the flange of saidcover; a fixed bafile within the space defined by the cover and valvemember, said baille having an axial flange provided with a plurality ofannularly spaced openings therein; a flexible member connecting saidbaii'ie and valve element, one side of said flexible member beingadapted to be subjected to the pressure to be controlled when saidpressure is higher than that otsaid region and the other side beingadapted to be subjected to the pressure of said region of lower pressuretransmitted through the openings in said baiile flange, said flexiblemember being movable from a position engaging the 'baflie to a positionwhereat it ima e engages the wall of said cover when the pressure a ofsaid region is higher than the pressure to be controlled. M

3. In a pressure relief valve for a pressurized 10 enclosure,comprising: a valve body having a valve opening with a seat about saidopening; a control chamber having an inlet communicating with saidenclosure; means for relieving the pressure in said control chamber;movable pressure sensitive means including a valve assembly comprising acover having an end wall and a valve member extending toward the valveseat and adapted to engage said seat; a flexible member connecting themovable pressure sensitive means with the valve body, said flexiblemember and pressure sensitive means being subjected on one side to thepressure in the control chamber, the other side of said flexible memberand wall being subjected to enclosure pressure; a fixed bafile spacedfrom said wall; and a flexible member connecting said baiiie and valvemember, one side of said flexible member being sub ected to enclosurepressure and the other side being subjected to ambient atmosphericpressure.

4. The invention defined by claim 3, wherein the means for relieving thepressure in said en:- closure comprises manually operable means.

5. The invention defined by claim 3, wherein the means for relieving thepressure in said en closure comprises pressure responsive pilot valvemeans openable when ambient pressure is exceeded by the pressure in thecontrol chamber by a predetermined amount.

6. The invention defined by claim 3, wherein means for relieving thepressure in the control chamber comprises manually operable means; and acheck valve preventing pressure from entering the control chamber by wayof said manually operable means.

7. In a pressure relief valve for a pressurized enclosure, comprising: avalve body having a valve opening with a seat about said opening; acontrol chamber having an inlet communicating with said enclosure;movable pressure sensitive means including a valve assembly comprising acover having an end wall and a valve member extending toward the valveseat and adapted to engage said seat; a flexible member connecting themovable pressure sensitive means with the valve body, said flexiblemember and pressure sensitive means being subjected on one side to thepressure in the control chamber, the other side of said flexible memberand wall being subjected to enclosure pressure; a fixed baflie spacedfrom said wall; and a flexible member connecting said baflie and valvemember and having a portion movable between a position engaging saidbaiile and a position engaging the end wall of said cover, one side ofsaid portion of said flexible member being subjected to enclosurepressure and the other side being subjected to ambient atmosphericpressure.

8. A pressure relief valve for a pressurized enclosure having an openingcommunicating with ambient atmospheric pressure, comprising: a chamber;pressure sensitive means, including a movable flow valve member having awall, said flow valve member controlling communication through saidopening, said pressure sensitive means being subjected on one side tothe pressure in said chamber; a fixed wall spaced from the valve wall;and a flexible element connecting said fixed wall and said pressuresensitive means and having a portion movable between said walls, oneside of said flexible element being subjected to ambient atmosphericpressure, the other side of said flexible element being subjected toenclosure pressure when the latter ishigher than ambient atmosphericpressure.

11 9. A pressure relief valve for a pressurized ene h vin a op ning eemnuni atins with eat atmospher c p es ure, eemnris ns: a

,Wi'iiber; pi' ssur sensitive means. including a me eble 110 va vemember havin wel said lew val e member ee tie lin communicat on threuslsaid e eiiiiis, sa d pre sure sensitiv means bein su ec ed n one si e ithe pres e d e amber; e @Sfili W l snaees from he va e wa l; ,end aflexible element havin central P931911 3 31539 n t insed wel andieeiipherallv eenne ted t the es ure s nsit ve eis fifiXll? e havinillQE-lmfilk etebe tieii m vable tame aid w lls one ide ine eleie iei'relie in he nreeeiiee eeiei e einliei- .i3- The eiitiep de ned b eiaiei18 meleeiris ieiie v rel e me n eePeiie v-e tiie xiiierentie q cham eran amb ent etiii eeii when said differential reaohes a e deterrn inedalue and manu l sib l e mean e rel t p i e in aid e embei i4.- .breeeiiie reli i eiv t r a ssurize e e eeiirebe ne en nin eemmi ii e s it ambent etmeepher e re ure, eerii iei i a rz i e eii en tiv m ans ine i eieea new bl 'iiew a m mb h in e well eer e iiew va ve membe een ellin ommuna i n ii-reuse sa d o e in heessu s it v mean be ng ei bieeted eee si ot e p e ure s d e em er e fixed e a e f em th alve wel a par esi vli eieiieies with reneet t eei i .Xee wai end x e v' lidee e and e' fle iblee ement h in e 'eeiiti'eii ee 'tieii sei cut-ed teeeiii ert eii per-ieiiiei eeiiiie ted ith e'iei ressu e s ns tiv m an sa fl b e element h vina inte mediate perti i ie vee e leeee eeid-we l s id art bei g m ed t meeiiien e o sa d lex ble el men e si ed said flexible element beingsubjected to pressure outside of said enclosure, the other side of saidle ib e lemen ein s b e ted tee iel su r sure when the latter is higherthan ambient .ats niespiiere ressu 15. In flow control mechanism for anenclosure having an opening and a valve seat thereabout: a movable valvemember comprising a wall from which a flange extends toward said valveseat, the free end of said flange being adapted to engage said seatabout said opening; wall means pooperating with said flange to form apocket exposed to the exterior of said enclosure through said openingthereof, said Wall means being. spaced from the wall of said valvemember and having openings therein; and flexible means between said wallmeans and said valve wall and connectme s d W an nd ai flange, aid flexil an s id. l n ha n ep e d siir eee iieeee e th pressu e sa d b eket sothat "p -sate the pocket pressure exerted in said surfaces proreptiontending to open enclose said valve memher, other portions of saidflexible member being movable between -:a position engaging said wallmean and a pq ition engaging the wall of said valve.

16. A fluid valve including: wall meansdefining apressure ,ohamlier; avalve seat; a pressure responsive element including a valve having anend all said valve projectin -toward said seat, one side. 0 aid pressureresponsive element be ing exposed to, the interior of saidpressure chamher; a member supported .eentrally of said valve in spaoed relation tosaid-end wall; and flexible ealin m ans c nnectin said central member nda essure responsive element, said fienble sealing means ineluding aportion movable bet een iii memb andsaidem wall.

1 In a mea u e relief valve for a p essur z d ne esiire i -e ud n a valvbody havin avalve seat defining an opepinga control chamber havi iee i ilet; movable p essure sensi i e m ncluding a ve e sembly i-gomprism acover havin amen wail and-a valve member .extend= ins t w d e val e seatand a apted to en: sa e Sa d s a flexibl member oonneoting the .me lelepr s esitive meenswith the valve bod said fl xib e-member an pressuresensitive means bein sub ected one side. to the pre ure in tbe eei te ieiiamber tnebtberside f eeie'iieX eiei-ii iehe ed we subieoted to e lee-e er se ire; a fi ed .ee a ed r m said We l; a flexible memb reonneetine said beii e and val e m mbe e iii .iiaviiiea po t n me bibetw en-en sitienen a in said bafile and a pee. ion e in the end wall ofsai ill l! o ne i ii of said flexible memb r ein es s. sure pressure andt e etii i ide bein s, bieet d to ambient at-. meep ierie pressure,

lit A nte ie valve o antessu-ii ed en: i v see amber; erese r sensitivemea s neii e a inevaiei now ewe member a in a Well sale n valve memberzeei reiiine fli ei tb eusIiai re --v ieai r ssure sensi: t v i bein setecizen 9 s de to the pres ure i se d .ebambei: a se we spaced e I 1 eneee-re Pre sur -when the latter i hi her th n ambient itiiie eiier-imasseuse- 9- A p s re relie val efqrazmessu ized en-, .10 reiiev senopenin iimnl iisinetwalls ole-.- iiiiiis a qiitreioressu echamber;pressure sensiive m ans iee id eea movable. new valve mem: her havinweili s is. flew valve membercon.- trolling qommunicaition through saidopening, said pressuresensitive means being subjected :on one side tathenressurexin said'i'chamber; a fixed wallispaced from the valve-wall; anda flexible element havingaeentral portion connected to the fixed walland-peripherally connected to the pressure sensitive means, saidflexible element having an intermediate portion. movable. between saidwalls, one :sideioisaid 'flexihle element be= ing subjected to. "ambientatmospheric i-ipressure and the .other;:side of isa'idrflexible elementbeing subjected to enclosure pressure when the latter is hi herthan:ambientatmosphenic pressure.

20. A fluid valve. including: a valve seat; a

movable valve element cooperating with said seat and including a valvewall; a fixed wall spaced from the valve wall; a part axially arrangedwith respect to said fixed wall and axially slidable; and a flexibleelement having a central portion secured to said part and peripherallyconnected with said movable valve element, said flexible element havingan intermediate portion movable between said walls, said part beingmoved with movements of said flexible element.

21. A fluid valve, including: a valve seat defining an opening; amovable valve element cooperable with said seat and including a wallpart; a baflle member in spaced relation to said wall part and disposedbetween said wall part and said valve seat; and a flexible elementbetween said bafile member and wall part and connecting same together,said flexible element having a portion thereof movable between aposition engaging said baiiie member and a position engaging said wallpart.

22. A fluid valve comprising: a pressure chamber; a valve seat; apressure responsive element including a valve having an end wall, saidvalve projecting toward said seat, one side of said pressure responsiveelement being exposed to the interior of said pressure chamber; a membersupported centrally of said valve in spaced relation to said end wall;and flexible sealing means connecting said central member and saidpressure responsive element, said flexible sealing means including aportion movable between and engageable respectively with said member andsaid end wall.

23. In combination in a single poppet balanced valve: a valve seat; acentral member supported in spaced relation to said seat; a valve membercooperating with said central member to form a pocket adjacent to saidseat and having a closed end wall spaced from said central member; and aflexible member connecting said central member and said valve member,said flexible member having a portion movable between and engageablewith said central member and said end Wall.

24. In a fluid valve: a valve seat; a movable valve element cooperablewith said seat and including a wall part; a fixed member between saidvalve seat and said wall part, said fixed member being in spacedrelation to said seat and wall part; a flexible element between saidfixed member and wall part connecting same together, said flexibleelement having a portion thereof movable between a position engagingsaid fixed member and a position engaging said wall part.

25. In a single poppet balanced valve: a valve seat; a central member;means supporting said central member in spaced relation to said seat; amovable valve member cooperating with said valve seat and alsocooperating with said central member to form a pocket adjacent to saidseat and having the closed end wall spaced from said central member onthe side thereof opposite the seat; and a flexible member connectingsaid central member and said valve member, said flexible member havinga. portion movable between said central member and said end wall.

RAYMOND W. JENSEN.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS HNumber Name Date 2,436,183 Snedecor Feb. 1'7, 1948 2,441,088 Teague May4, 1948 2,531,100 Arthur et a1 Nov. 21, 1950 2,641,985 Jensen June 16,1953 2,641,986 Arthur June 16, 1953 2,651,985 Warstler Sept. 15, 1953

